China is advancing its naval capabilities with the introduction of the YJ-19 hypersonic missile, which has recently been accepted for service aboard its Type-039B Yuan-class submarines. This step marks a significant enhancement in the lethality of China's already formidable submarine fleet, further demonstrating the nation’s commitment to expanding its military might. Exceptional Capabilities of the YJ-19

The YJ-19 missile is expected to reach speeds of Mach 5 or higher, featuring a scramjet engine that allows for sustained hypersonic flight. This missile was first publicly showcased during the September 2025 military parade in Beijing and represents a leap forward in missile technology aimed at overcoming advanced naval defenses. Unique Advantages

The Yuan-class submarines, equipped with the YJ-19, will now have capabilities that make them the most heavily armed non-nuclear submarines in service. The hypersonic nature of the YJ-19 gives these submarines the potential to challenge even the most sophisticated maritime defenses, making it difficult for enemy ships to intercept or evade incoming attacks. Implications for Global Naval Balance

With this upgrade, China becomes the only country to arm non-nuclear submarines with such advanced hypersonic weaponry, which could reshape naval strategies around the globe. Historically, AIP submarines have had limitations in speed and range; however, the hypersonic capabilities of the YJ-19 represent a significant strategic advantage that could alter engagement parameters in future naval conflicts. Future Prospects

The enhancement of the Yuan-class with hypersonic technology suggests a broader trend in which China is focusing on building a diverse range of advanced weapon systems. This includes other hypersonic missiles and potential integrations with China’s newer classes of submarines. With plans to equip even more vessels in their submarine fleet, China aims to establish dominance in naval engagements, especially in contested areas like the South China Sea.

This upgrade not only boosts the individual combat effectiveness of each submarine but also enhances the collective naval power of the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN), positioning it as a formidable force in modern maritime warfare.